Bees and wax
Find a hive and collect beeswax.
Beeswax makes a Hive and helps make a Honey Draught. Check the name before crafting: Wax is a different material and will not work in those recipes.
Finding beeswax
The world starts with three wild hives, one in each third of the map. Look for the carved bowls that hold them. Hives extrude beeswax, which you can collect and use at the bench. The Beeswax page lists the recipes under "What it is for".
You can also build a hive later. If coal gets near a hive, it makes Coal Wax and Coal Honey instead. Both can be rendered back into coal at the bench.
You cannot catch a bee with right-click. Bee items still exist and release a bee if you have one, but there is no way to capture one.
Web is not needed for any crafting recipe. It decays after about 255 frames on average, roughly four seconds. Treat it as a hazard.
Read Circuits and Item logistics for the remaining systems. Leaving covers the ending.